Bar Internal forces

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The Bar internal forces analysis result shows internal forces in bar elements under the current loading or analysis conditions.
It allows you to evaluate axial forces, shear forces, torsion and bending moments acting along bars as a response to applied loads and dynamic effects.

Bar internal forces are available for several static and dynamic analysis contexts.

• Load cases – internal forces from individual load cases
• Moving load maximum – envelope of maximum internal forces due to moving loads
• Moving load influence line / surface – influence results for bar internal forces
• Construction stages – internal forces during staged construction
• Load combinations – internal forces from defined load combinations
• Maximum of load combinations – envelope of internal forces from multiple combinations
• Maximum of load groups – envelope of internal forces grouped by load groups
• Seismic analysis – internal force response from seismic loading
• Time history – ground acceleration – time-dependent internal forces from ground motion
• Time history – excitation force – time-dependent internal forces from applied forces
• Periodic excitation – steady-state dynamic internal force response

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Result selection

Depending on the selected analysis context, additional selections are required to display Bar internal forces. One or more of the following parameters may need to be selected from the result lists:

• load case type, such as ultimate or quasi-permanent
• load case or load combination
• internal force component, for example axial force or bending moment
• moving load, for moving load–based results
• construction stage
• simultaneous value, for selected maximum-type results
• time step, for time history results
• seismic shape

Only the selections relevant to the active analysis type are shown.

info

The Simultaneous selection is available for some maximum-type results, such as Maximum of load combinations.

First, select the internal force component for which the extreme value is evaluated, for example N+. Then select a Simultaneous component, for example My. The result will display the values for My component that correspond to the load combination which generated max N+.

This allows you to study the combined effect of internal forces occurring at the same critical positions.

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You can see the result for the minimum/maximum internal component itself if you select the Simultaneous value to be the same as the internal force component.

For example, select the internal force component N+ and then select a Simultaneous component N. The result will display the result for maximum normal force component values along the bar.

Result display

Bar internal forces can be displayed using standard result display types:

• Graph – internal forces shown as diagrams along bar elements
• Colour palette – internal forces visualised as coloured fields along bars

The available display type depends on the selected result representation and analysis context.

Graph

Internal forces shown as graph on bars.

Colour palette

Internal forces visualised as coloured fields.